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Although the GirlsTech
model was designed specifically to target resources of high interest and
great appeal to young women, it is important to understand that its use
will identify resources likely to appeal to most, not all, young women,
because not all young women exhibit gender-specific electronic information
preferences.
Gender-schema theory explains
that sex is biologically determined and dichotomous, whereas gender is socially
constructed and continuous. That is, genetic makeup determines whether a
person is a woman or a man, but societal conditions result in a persons
viewing the world in gender-schematic or gender-aschematic terms. As Bem
explained, gender-schema theory proposes that sex-typing derives
in large measure from gender-schematic processing, from a generalized readiness
on the part of the child to encode and to organize information including
information about the self according to the cultures definitions
of maleness and femaleness (1987, p. 231).
Gender-schematic, or sex-typed, individuals are those who view the world
largely from a gendered point of view, bifurcating society into female and
male components. Gender-aschematic, or non-sex-typed, individuals do not
view the world in this generally bifurcated manner.
Thus, a young woman who is strongly
gender-schematic is likely to identify herself as a stereotypical young
woman according to societys general stereotype of the ideal female
(i.e., nurturing, acquiescent, nonconfrontational, untalented in working
with computers and technology, etc.) and consequently to have an attitudinal
barrier against pursuing a computer-related career. High-tech careers,
she would think, are appropriate for young men, but not for me.
There is nothing biological that prevents the gender-schematic young woman
from entering a high-tech career; the societally-nurtured attitude that
she has adopted prevents her from doing so.
Although the concepts of sex and gender should not
be conflated, and it must be understood that electronic information preferences
vary among young women, the goal of this research is to discover what aspects
of electronic information resources are most likely to attract and to repel
the greatest numbers of young women. As Cassell and Jenkins (1998) explained,
to assert that all young women share the same preferences and wants is artificial,
but necessary: Despite the clear dangers of such sweeping generalizations,
the ability to determine what girls want may seem necessary at a time when
we are trying to open up a space for girls to participate within this medium
at all (p. 25). Thus, the use of the GirlsTech model presented here
is likely to identify resources of high interest to many, but not all, young
women.

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